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Javier Lopez
Ryan Martinez
English 1320/1301 .158
Trang Phan
9/28/10

Writer-based prose- A cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing

On the article by “Linda Flower” she states that to be effective writers you have to give more details on what your writing. Writer-based prose is mainly giving your “private verbal thought” (page 21.) about what the story is about. As for reader-based prose readers just “skim quickly” (pg. 22) though what they read and don’t correct the mistakes. They “attempt to communicate to the reader”(pg. 20) as they progress and “reflects the purpose of the writer's thought.” (pg. 20) Egocentric doesn’t do much but just want things in hand, just like a reader-based prose. Inner Speech is the same to a writer-based prose, because that shows that they give details and go beyond those thoughts to express themselves. They have to learn to be a reader-based prose first, so you can become a writer-based prose. To know that one day we can become writer-based prose, it motivates us to continue the “multistage process” (pg 37) of transforming our thoughts to something that captivates the readers. To learn the skills and confidence to develop to become better writers.

Q. What does writer-base prose fail to do in terms of Rhetorical Strategies? Please Explain

R.
Here Linda Flowers explains that the reason writer-base prose fails is because it focuses more on emotion and lacks a connection between the reader and writer. This causes a problem, because the reader cannot make any relation to the writers thoughts and ideas. Creating a bond with the writers ideas makes it much easier to read and understand the concept of the writers article

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Linda Flower "Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in writing". College English, vol. 41, no. 1 (Sep., 1979), pp. 19-37.


Summary
In this article Linda Flower talks about the types of Prose there is when writing. One of the prose is called writer-base prose, and this is when a writer writes a piece based on their self-thoughts. When writing this way it is hard for the reader to understand your piece, becuase the writer is trying to re-word his/her thoughts and feelings onto paper and its hard to really try to get their point across. When the reader reads a piece like this and does not understand it, the writer would have to go back and re-write their essay all over again. Now on the other hand when Linda Flower mentions Readers Base Prose, she talks about how thw writer takes his/her time to make sure he/she gives good and enough details and information to make sure the reader understands thw piece written. Another method the writer uses is that he/she will try to put themselves into the readers shoes so they can figure out a way to write their piece or essay so the reader can understand it. So those are the two types of prose and if you want ot be a successful writer the prose to use is Reader Base Prose. The reason why is because it will help you write a well understanding piece.

Question:
What does writer-base prose fail to do in terms of Rhetorical Strategies? Please Explain.

Response:
The Writer-Base Prose fails to help the reader connect with the content, because writer-base prose deals with writing with emotions and self-thought. So that understand the writers writing. It is also very important for the reader to create a connection between the piece of writing and themselves in order to have a better understanding. In creating a connection with the piece of writing the reader is able to compare their own ideas or knowledge to the ideas that the writer is trying to relate. But none of this is possible because writer-base prose fails to do this.

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Linda Flower : “Writer –base-prose: a cognitive basis for problems in writing” College English Vol. 41 No.1 (sep. 1979), Pg 19-37
Linda Flower states that a lot of writers have a hard time communicating to their reader what they want to say. She said that these problems mainly happen because the writers are uncertain of how to transform their ideas in to a piece of writing that is both logical and understandable to the reader. She explained that writer-base prose is like the inner voice that tells the writer what to write; she goes on to say that most of these writings are egocentric and that in this type of writing the author have an easy time putting their thoughts down, but have a hard time leading the reader form one thought to another. In the other hand reader-base-prose is the complete opposite; here the author puts himself in the readers “shoes.” In reader-base-prose the author chooses carefully the function, structure of the easy, and the style of the text so that the text is more understandable to the reader, and still effective enough to get his point across.






How are the writing styles different between writer-base-prose and reader-base-prose?
One of the writing styles, writer-base-prose, is more focus on the emotions, thoughts and experiences of the writer; rather than focus on making sure that the text is understandable to the reader. In this type of writing the author does not take his audience into consideration he/she basically write what’s on his/her mind; this make the text really difficult for the reader to read, understand, and most importantly it is difficult for them to make connections to the text. Now reader-base-prose is the complete opposite to writer-base-prose; in reader-base-prose the author of the text puts him/her self in the readers position and tries to make his writing as simple and as understandable as he can. He tries to utilize writing as efficiently as possible to get his point across as fast as possible. In this type of writing the author takes careful consideration in the structure of the easy, and the style of the text; because s/he wants to make sure s/he gets his/her point across. This process takes longer than writer-base-prose, but I believe that it’s the more efficient way of writing; because you’re more likely to get your point across to your audience.

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Oscar Ramirez
Michael Silva
Eng 1320/1301
Tran Phan
09-28-10
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Linda Flower College English Vol. 41. No. 1 (Sep. 1979), Pg 19-37
In the article the author made point when people were writing they would make mistakes that were
careless and could be missed. Based on her research she notices that most of the stuff they so they put
new strategies on how to understand the reading. When they first started the experiment they studied
on small children on how they developed a sense of imagination and how they wrote it in a story form.
When they noticed that as they got older the way they wrote was different than what was expected
from them. They noticed that most of the writing was not up to its full potential. When they wrote
about a certain topic it they were off topic or they just did not make any sense for the other readers
could understand. They developed steps to improve their writing frame work. The steps were to
improve the writing by changing up certain wordings or phrases and then as usual rewrite the whole
essay to make it sound better. They build up that structure upon Function, Structure, and Style the
three ways to make the essay better and approved by other readers. If you follow the structure of the
plan eventually the paper should be will enough to show what data and other information is shown.


Q: What is the difference between Writer base prose and Reader base prose?


R: In the article the author points out two ways of writing in the article. One way of writing deals with
emotions, self-thoughts, and comments within their own writing. When they write like this it is called
Writers Base Prose it just means that the writers put thoughts of their own which to a point that other
readers read it and don’t understand it. Then the writer has to back and redo the whole writing to a
point for other readers can understand it and get the point of view. When the writers does that kind of
writing it makes it hard to understand what they are trying to say they write up to a point where the
other readers have to put thought in to it and understand what the other writer is trying to say in
between the writing. Most writers use the method when they want to make a personal log it to a journal
or keep thought to themselves to express. And in readers-base prose, the writer is taking his time to make sure that he is getting his point across to the preferred audience that he is trying to send out the message to. This means thinking everything over and making sure it is not confusing or going off topic and generally interesting to keep the audience fascinated about your paper. This can be a more time consuming process and maybe a little more difficult for some people.

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Eloy Gonzales
Arturo de la Torre
Trang Phang
9/28/10

Linda Flower. “Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing”. College English, Vol. 41, No. 1. (Sep., 1979), pp. 19-37.

S: Linda Flower clearly explains the problems that writers have a hard time saying what they want to say inform that readers can understand. There is a problem with many writers that don’t know how to transform their ideas in a way that the reader can understand. The author explains the writer-base prose by standing off with inner speech and egocentric and discovered that many writers have a hard time using words that transition you from thought to another without being monotone. Writer-Base prose is a workable concept, which can help understand that it can be a way to intervene in the thinking process, it taps intuitive communication strategies us as writers already have, but are not adequately using. There are three steps necessary in Writer-base prose which is function, structure, and style and each make an important part in this writer-prose understanding. Reader-Base prone the writer has to put himself in the readers shoes, he/she thinks more about the reader the as oppose to the writer-base prone.

Q: How would you identify a Writer-Base prose and a Reader-Base prose?

R: In my opinion a Writer-Base prose is a writer that writes for himself. For example a journal or a personal diary is a place where a writer-base can write without being questioned of his work or being criticized. The Writer-Based prose writes for their own understanding. In reader based prose, my opinion is that the writer is writing to fit the audience and thinks more of the audience and what the audience is going to look in its paper. In Reader-Based the author tries to make a point and helps the reader understand what the message is. A Writer-Base prose writer writes what they are usually thinking about without having the thought of being responded to. Writer-base writers write for themselves and do not take into consideration if the readers understand what they have written or care if they are criticized. A Reader-Base prose in the other hand takes into consideration his audience and tries to make his writing more understandable for his reader making space for comments and other suggestions. An example of a Reader-Base prose is a research paper, where the writer needs to explain their point to the audience. I believe that the Reader-Base prose and Writer-Base prose are both important because even though the writer-base is mostly ideas and thoughts; those ideas and thoughts could be used later on when writing on a reader-base prose side. Those ideas can help have a base on the writing that is going to become reader-based which is organized for the reader to understand.

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Rhetorical Reading Strategies and the Construction of Meaning

Summary:

This article is about an experiment that was made on ten readers. The experiment was meant to see the difference in the construction of meaning between experienced readers and student readers. The experiment consisted in giving both types of readers a text, and asking them what the text was about every few lines. The data of the experiment was then broken up into three categories. They were content, function, and rhetorical. Out of the three the most important is rhetorical, this is when the reader fully understands what the text was about, it’s when the reader looks at everything the author is trying to tell him. The other types of readers just find the main points of the text. Whit the experiment they found out that experienced readers use more rhetorical situations, meaning that they look for the author’s purpose in the text, this is when they look at the main points, and at what the author is trying to inform you about, the context and the audience, this is when they look at what type of people the text is talking to, and basically what the text is about. This constructive method is also very helpful when writing; it helps you stay in task, and also lets you focus more on what you want for the readers to get out of your text.

Question:

What does it mean to have “rhetorical “reading strategies?  Do you practice this method of reading?

Response:

When you read rhetorically you don’t just look at the text for the main points of it, or look deeply only on certain parts that seem to be important. Reading rhetorically is when you look deeply into the text, and break down what you are reading until you fully understand what the author is trying to tell you.

I think I use this method sometimes when I’m reading something that really interests me, but when I’m reading something that I don’t really care for, or something that I’m not getting anything from it, I don’t really use this method.

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SUMMARY:

This article written by Linda Flower was mainly about is the writer’s based prose, and the technique and steps of how to transform your work to a reader based writing. This article also talks about many studies people tests to show the relationship between these writer-based proses.
Most of the times people make their writing work to an audience; or in the other cases people write to discover their ideas or feelings. The steps people need to follow before starting to make their work it is very important to craft writing suitable for a reader, sometimes there is people that fear to show or express their thoughts or ideas because someone could judge them but they need to feel confident about themselves in order to make a good writing assignment with their own ideas even though other people will always just pay attention to the mistakes in the work and lack of reason. Sometimes peoples should not worry about what others will say; they have to focus on being original and try new things and being honest with our thoughts even though it could sound out of place. The writer-based prose it’s in charge of all the writing people make to themselves and even all the work that is composed to a reader before they put themselves into the reader’s shoes to see their point of view.
Every time people write, they write their ideas like brainstorming even though that is not one of the best ways to start a good composition but still could be considered as a way of starting to write because they generate ideas and that way they will not forget them. By following those tips people will improve their writing skills on “writer-based” prose they will star with the “reader-based” prose that the audience needs to understand their message.

QUESTION:
Explain what is writer-based prose and reader-based prose.

RESPONSE:
This article is mainly about two topics; writer-based prose and reader based-prose.  Linda Flower says that ineffective writers are the ones who apply “writer-based prose.” The author explains that writer-based prose is when the writer expresses his/her thoughts about a topic in written form and it is written by the writer for the writer. The writer does not care about the reader’s understanding but him/her own understanding.  Flower says that here is where the writer shows his/her process of thinking or writing about something.  Also she says that the ideas of the writer are hard or unclear to relate to one another so it is very difficult to understand their message; plus it contains “private” language where the writer mean different things to different people.

Reader based-prose is when effective writers apply it, Flower says in this article that this prose is when the writer knows and identified the reader.  Also, when the writer maintain the reader’s purpose for reading the work or composition in mind. It has clear ideas and is related to one another plus the work is well developed. The writer share the same language with the reader that way there are no difficulties in understanding the work.